Sluicer

Most scrapers break without a sound. The site changes its markup, and the scraper keeps running and returns nulls, or the wrong column, for weeks before anyone notices.

Sluicer works the other way round. Show it a value on a few pages of a site (a price, a title, a date) and it learns where that value lives. On every page it reads after that, it checks the page against what it learnt. If the layout has changed, the run fails with exit code 3 and names the check that broke. sluicer heal then proposes where each field went, when the new page still shows values the extractor was learnt from.

It also reads everything a page already declares about itself: JSON-LD, microdata, RDFa, OpenGraph and four more vocabularies, merged into one record per thing, with every value pointing to the exact place on the page it came from. No model reads any page, so the same page always gives the same answer.

Quick start

pip install sluicer   # or: uv tool install sluicer, pipx install sluicer

# Learn where a book's title and price sit, from two pages of one template.
sluicer compile https://books.toscrape.com/catalogue/page-1.html \
  https://books.toscrape.com/catalogue/page-2.html \
  --want title="A Light in the Attic" --want price=51.77 -o books.json

# Replay it on another page of that template: 20 rows of title and price, exit 0.
sluicer run books.json https://books.toscrape.com/catalogue/page-3.html

# A page it was not learnt for: exit 3, naming the check that failed.
sluicer run books.json https://quotes.toscrape.com/

books.toscrape.com and quotes.toscrape.com are public sandboxes made for trying scrapers on. The last command prints FAILED https://quotes.toscrape.com/: expected the listing at html>body>…>ol.row, got not found, its path shortened here, and exits 3.

After a redesign, sluicer heal looks on the new page for the values the extractor was learnt from, and proposes a new place for each field it finds them in. In a clone of this repository, examples/shop/ holds a made-up shop before and after a redesign that renamed every class:

sluicer compile examples/shop/before-1.html examples/shop/before-2.html \
  --want title="A Light in the Attic" --want price=51.77 -o shop.json
sluicer run shop.json examples/shop/after.html   # exit 3: the listing is not found
sluicer heal shop.json examples/shop/after.html -o shop-healed.json

container: html>body>div.page>ol.row -> html>body>main.content>div.page>section.grid
member: li.product -> div.card
moved: title -> h2.name>a (5 of 5 learnt values found there; the next best place had 0)
moved: price -> div.cost (5 of 5 learnt values found there; the next best place had 0)
Wrote shop-healed.json.

Each move says how many of the field's learnt values were found in its new place, and how many the next best place held. heal proposes; it does not repair. It can only move a field whose old values the new page still shows, so run it on a page you learnt from, or one listing the same items. On the drift benchmark's 21 real redesigns, 18 of the new pages shared no item with the old ones, and heal was fully right on none and partly right on 2. When a field or the listing is lost, it exits 3 and writes nothing unless given --force.

Exit codes follow grep: 0 found -- a record or a summary answer, a <title> alone included -- 1 found nothing, 2 could not read the page, and 3 when a page broke its extractor's checks, a heal lost a field or left a move undecided, or an audit found a documented rule broken. diff exits 1 when something changed.

The checks are about structure, not truth: a run fails when a field is no longer where it was learnt, no longer reads the way it did, or no longer has its shape. A change that keeps all three, such as a different number in the price's place, passes. On SWDE, the checks flagged 18% of the extractors' wrong answers; the other 82% passed.

Reading what a page declares needs no example at all. The product page read here is examples/brake-pads.html, in a clone of this repository; without one, fetch it first with mkdir -p examples && curl -o examples/brake-pads.html https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Gi0tto/sluicer/main/examples/brake-pads.html. The library is imported from the Python you ran pip install sluicer in:

>>> import sluicer
>>> page = open("examples/brake-pads.html", "rb").read()
>>> result = sluicer.extract(page, url="https://example.com/p/bp-2210")
>>> price = result.summary["price"]
>>> price.value, price.source, price.key
('41.90', 'jsonld', 'Product.offers.price')
>>> price.where
'/html/head/script[1]#/offers/price'
>>> result.normalised
{'price': '41.90', 'currency': 'EUR', 'gtin': '4006381333931'}
>>> [(answer.value, answer.source) for answer in result.conflicts[0].answers]
[('41.90', 'jsonld'), ('39.90', 'opengraph')]

The page states one price in its JSON-LD and another in its OpenGraph tags; Sluicer reports the conflict instead of picking one in silence. sluicer inspect page.html shows the same reading laid out for a person.

Install

pip install sluicer

That is the whole install for every command but one kind of page: it reads HTML you have, fetches and crawls over plain HTTP, audits, learns extractors and turns a page into markdown. For the sluicer command in an environment of its own, uv tool install sluicer or pipx install sluicer; to run it once, installing nothing, uvx sluicer --version; in a uv project, uv add sluicer.

A page a script draws, which plain HTTP brings back as an empty shell, needs a browser: add the browser extra, then let Sluicer download Playwright's Chromium once.

pip install "sluicer[browser]"
sluicer install browser

sluicer doctor says what is installed, what each missing piece is for, and the command that adds it for the way you installed Sluicer (pip, uv tool, pipx or uvx); a command that needs a missing extra names the same command.

What each extra adds

extra	adds
browser	a browser, Playwright's Chromium, for a page plain HTTP brings back as an empty shell; download Chromium with sluicer install browser
mcp	the MCP server; add browser for pages that need one
api	the HTTP API, with mcp
microformats	microformats2, which is off by default
all	every extra above
stealth	the stealth rung, by scrapling: one page, only when asked with --stealth, never in a crawl; never in all
markdown	nothing more since 0.10, when trafilatura joined the base install; kept so an older install line still works
fetch	deprecated since 0.8: browser and stealth together, what it installed before

The base install is lxml, click, cssselect (CSS selectors), protego (robots.txt) and trafilatura (markdown), and tomli on Python 3.10 to read a configuration file: the HTTP client is Python's own.

What you can give it

you have	run	and get
a page, as HTML or a URL	sluicer extract page.html	every record it declares, a summary that answers 25 questions, its conflicts, each value with where it came from
many pages of one template	sluicer compile ... --want price=41.90, then sluicer run	the fields you gave an example of, from every page, checked
the selectors you already know	sluicer compile --select price='span.price::text' ..., then sluicer run	the fields you named, held to the same checks: a selector a redesign broke fails the run
a page that declares nothing	sluicer extract page.html --induce	the rows its markup repeats: a listing's cards, a table's lines
a whole site	sluicer map URL, sluicer crawl URL -o site.jsonl	its addresses from its sitemaps, or every page it links to, read politely
a list of URLs, a web archive	sluicer batch urls.txt, sluicer warc crawl.warc.gz	one JSON line per page
a feed	sluicer feed URL	its items, as one JSON document
an article	sluicer markdown URL	its main text as Markdown

Every request names Sluicer, and robots.txt and Crawl-delay are obeyed; a crawl waits when a site asks it to. Only a command that reads single pages or learns an extractor can be told otherwise, with --stealth or --no-robots; map, crawl and batch cannot. sluicer --help lists every command, and the command line reference explains each one.

In your agent

claude mcp add sluicer -- uvx --with "sluicer[mcp]" sluicer mcp   # Claude Code
codex mcp add sluicer -- uvx --with "sluicer[mcp]" sluicer mcp    # Codex

The MCP server has twelve read-only tools, among them extract_declared, select_values, compile_extractor, run_extractor and heal_extractor. Every answer carries ok, true only when it can be used as it is. The server does not fetch localhost, private networks or cloud metadata addresses unless it is started with SLUICER_ALLOW_PRIVATE=1. In your agent covers Cursor, VS Code, Gemini CLI, Claude Desktop, Zed, LangChain, the OpenAI Agents SDK and Pydantic AI. For any other language, sluicer serve offers the same tools over HTTP (HTTP API), and at /mcp the MCP server itself over streamable HTTP, for n8n, Dify and any client that does not start servers over stdio (Over HTTP).

Measured, losses included

Every number below comes from a public test set, and every scoreboard gives the command that produces it again. Where another tool does better on what a row measures, the row shows it.

scoreboard	what is measured	Sluicer	beside it
SWDE, 80 sites	extractors learnt from three pages, run on the other 124,051	F1 0.850, 11,156 wrong answers	Scrapling 0.671, 56,058 wrong
Drift, 44 before/after pairs on 25 sites	a change noticed: 21 changed, 23 did not	0 failed silently, 0 false alarms	--
Products, 140 pages	price, availability (F1)	0.750, 0.907	Zyte's paid API 0.918, 0.957
WCXB, 511 pages	title, author, date found; dates invented	0.727, 0.532, 0.581; 8 invented	trafilatura 0.745, 0.750, 0.838; 216 invented
As served, 360 pages	dates found; right when it answers	0.780; 0.734	trafilatura 0.855; 0.393
News, 21 languages	title, author, date found	0.871, 0.829, 0.970	trafilatura 0.852, 0.879, 0.970
trafilatura's set, 851 annotated pages	title, author, date found	0.776, 0.472, 0.588	trafilatura 0.738, 0.669, 0.865

Sluicer reads only what a page states in its markup, so on titles, authors and dates it answers less often than tools that also read the visible text, and it invents far fewer dates. Its rules were written while reading the pages of these scoreboards, so the numbers show how it does on pages it was tuned on. The one held-out test is the half of SWDE's sites whose pages and errors were not read while making the rules; its numbers were read at each release and a few times besides, each listed there, once to decide whether to keep a rule. There it scores 0.845, including five camera sites that were read before the split and so are not a clean test. bench/PREREG.md records which pages each rule was made on.

When not to use Sluicer

• You need authors or dates that pages do not declare. trafilatura reads them from the visible text and finds more of them. Sluicer guesses them too, by default since 0.10, in a visible field of its own that never enters the summary (--no-visible or visible=False turns it off): on the scoreboards it finds more of them and invents some, and on two of them its dates are right less often when it answers.
• You need an article's full text. sluicer markdown uses trafilatura for it; if you need trafilatura's options or other output formats, use it directly.
• The site blocks bots. Sluicer is not built to get past bot protection: every request names it, unless a single-page command is given --stealth.

Why Sluicer compares it with extruct, trafilatura, Scrapling, Crawl4AI and Firecrawl, and says when each is the better choice.

Learn more

• Getting started, a ten-minute tour, and Extractors, how learning, checking and healing work.
• FAQ, Known limits and What is stable before 1.0.
• Moving from extruct: from sluicer.compat import extruct answers extruct's own calls.
• The full documentation is at https://gi0tto.github.io/sluicer/.

Community

Questions, ideas and what you built go to Discussions. A page Sluicer read wrong is an issue: attach the page, so the fix comes with a test. Report a vulnerability privately, as SECURITY.md explains, and see CONTRIBUTING.md to set up a checkout.

Sluicer is built and maintained by one person. If it saves you time or money, sponsoring it pays for keeping the scoreboards measured and the extractors working as the web changes.

Licence

MIT, except two data files under their own licences: schema.org's type names (CC BY-SA 3.0) and CLDR's month and weekday names (Unicode License v3); the package's licence expression is MIT AND CC-BY-SA-3.0 AND Unicode-3.0. The base install needs lxml, click, cssselect and protego, all BSD-3-Clause, trafilatura, Apache-2.0, and on Python 3.10 tomli, MIT. The tree under trafilatura and the extras is not all permissive: tld is MPL-1.1, GPL-2.0-only or LGPL-2.1-or-later, and certifi is MPL-2.0, both brought by trafilatura, and orjson, from an extra, is MPL-2.0 alongside Apache-2.0 or MIT. CI lists every licence in that tree and fails on one nobody has read; NOTICE says more.